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Change middleclass to hump

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Mikko Ahlroth 2014-10-17 22:28:17 +03:00
parent ae5ed1747c
commit 72dd42119d
11 changed files with 1057 additions and 182 deletions
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HUMP - Helper Utilities for Massive Progression
===============================================
__HUMP__ is a small collection of tools for developing games with LÖVE.
Contents:
------------
* *gamestate.lua*: Easy gamestate management.
* *timer.lua*: Delayed and time-limited function calls and tweening functionality.
* *vector.lua*: 2D vector math.
* *vector-light.lua*: Lightweight 2D vector math (for optimisation purposes - leads to potentially ugly code).
* *class.lua*: Lightweight object orientation (class or prototype based).
* *signal.lua*: Simple Signal/Slot (aka. Observer) implementation.
* *camera.lua*: Move-, zoom- and rotatable camera.
Documentation
=============
You can find the documentation here: [http://vrld.github.com/hump/](http://vrld.github.com/hump/)
License
=======
> Copyright (c) 2010-2013 Matthias Richter
>
> Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
> of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
> in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
> to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
> copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
> furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
>
> The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
> all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
>
> Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright holders
> shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or
> other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization.
>
> THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
> IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
> FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
> AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
> LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
> OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
> THE SOFTWARE.

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--[[
Copyright (c) 2010-2013 Matthias Richter
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright holders
shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or
other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
]]--
local _PATH = (...):match('^(.*[%./])[^%.%/]+$') or ''
local cos, sin = math.cos, math.sin
local camera = {}
camera.__index = camera
local function new(x,y, zoom, rot)
x,y = x or love.graphics.getWidth()/2, y or love.graphics.getHeight()/2
zoom = zoom or 1
rot = rot or 0
return setmetatable({x = x, y = y, scale = zoom, rot = rot}, camera)
end
function camera:lookAt(x,y)
self.x, self.y = x,y
return self
end
function camera:move(x,y)
self.x, self.y = self.x + x, self.y + y
return self
end
function camera:pos()
return self.x, self.y
end
function camera:rotate(phi)
self.rot = self.rot + phi
return self
end
function camera:rotateTo(phi)
self.rot = phi
return self
end
function camera:zoom(mul)
self.scale = self.scale * mul
return self
end
function camera:zoomTo(zoom)
self.scale = zoom
return self
end
function camera:attach()
local cx,cy = love.graphics.getWidth()/(2*self.scale), love.graphics.getHeight()/(2*self.scale)
love.graphics.push()
love.graphics.scale(self.scale)
love.graphics.translate(cx, cy)
love.graphics.rotate(self.rot)
love.graphics.translate(-self.x, -self.y)
end
function camera:detach()
love.graphics.pop()
end
function camera:draw(func)
self:attach()
func()
self:detach()
end
function camera:cameraCoords(x,y)
-- x,y = ((x,y) - (self.x, self.y)):rotated(self.rot) * self.scale + center
local w,h = love.graphics.getWidth(), love.graphics.getHeight()
local c,s = cos(self.rot), sin(self.rot)
x,y = x - self.x, y - self.y
x,y = c*x - s*y, s*x + c*y
return x*self.scale + w/2, y*self.scale + h/2
end
function camera:worldCoords(x,y)
-- x,y = (((x,y) - center) / self.scale):rotated(-self.rot) + (self.x,self.y)
local w,h = love.graphics.getWidth(), love.graphics.getHeight()
local c,s = cos(-self.rot), sin(-self.rot)
x,y = (x - w/2) / self.scale, (y - h/2) / self.scale
x,y = c*x - s*y, s*x + c*y
return x+self.x, y+self.y
end
function camera:mousepos()
return self:worldCoords(love.mouse.getPosition())
end
-- the module
return setmetatable({new = new},
{__call = function(_, ...) return new(...) end})

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--[[
Copyright (c) 2010-2013 Matthias Richter
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright holders
shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or
other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
]]--
local function include_helper(to, from, seen)
if from == nil then
return to
elseif type(from) ~= 'table' then
return from
elseif seen[from] then
return seen[from]
end
seen[from] = to
for k,v in pairs(from) do
k = include_helper({}, k, seen) -- keys might also be tables
if not to[k] then
to[k] = include_helper({}, v, seen)
end
end
return to
end
-- deeply copies `other' into `class'. keys in `other' that are already
-- defined in `class' are omitted
local function include(class, other)
return include_helper(class, other, {})
end
-- returns a deep copy of `other'
local function clone(other)
return setmetatable(include({}, other), getmetatable(other))
end
local function new(class)
-- mixins
local inc = class.__includes or {}
if getmetatable(inc) then inc = {inc} end
for _, other in ipairs(inc) do
include(class, other)
end
-- class implementation
class.__index = class
class.init = class.init or class[1] or function() end
class.include = class.include or include
class.clone = class.clone or clone
-- constructor call
return setmetatable(class, {__call = function(c, ...)
local o = setmetatable({}, c)
o:init(...)
return o
end})
end
-- interface for cross class-system compatibility (see https://github.com/bartbes/Class-Commons).
if class_commons ~= false and not common then
common = {}
function common.class(name, prototype, parent)
return new{__includes = {prototype, parent}}
end
function common.instance(class, ...)
return class(...)
end
end
-- the module
return setmetatable({new = new, include = include, clone = clone},
{__call = function(_,...) return new(...) end})

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--[[
Copyright (c) 2010-2013 Matthias Richter
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright holders
shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or
other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
]]--
local function __NULL__() end
-- default gamestate produces error on every callback
local state_init = setmetatable({leave = __NULL__},
{__index = function() error("Gamestate not initialized. Use Gamestate.switch()") end})
local stack = {state_init}
local GS = {}
function GS.new(t) return t or {} end -- constructor - deprecated!
function GS.switch(to, ...)
assert(to, "Missing argument: Gamestate to switch to")
assert(to ~= GS, "Can't call switch with colon operator")
local pre = stack[#stack]
;(pre.leave or __NULL__)(pre)
;(to.init or __NULL__)(to)
to.init = nil
stack[#stack] = to
return (to.enter or __NULL__)(to, pre, ...)
end
function GS.push(to, ...)
assert(to, "Missing argument: Gamestate to switch to")
assert(to ~= GS, "Can't call push with colon operator")
local pre = stack[#stack]
;(to.init or __NULL__)(to)
to.init = nil
stack[#stack+1] = to
return (to.enter or __NULL__)(to, pre, ...)
end
function GS.pop(...)
assert(#stack > 1, "No more states to pop!")
local pre = stack[#stack]
stack[#stack] = nil
;(pre.leave or __NULL__)(pre)
return (stack[#stack].resume or __NULL__)(pre, ...)
end
function GS.current()
return stack[#stack]
end
local all_callbacks = {
'draw', 'errhand', 'focus', 'keypressed', 'keyreleased', 'mousefocus',
'mousepressed', 'mousereleased', 'quit', 'resize', 'textinput',
'threaderror', 'update', 'visible', 'gamepadaxis', 'gamepadpressed',
'gamepadreleased', 'joystickadded', 'joystickaxis', 'joystickhat',
'joystickpressed', 'joystickreleased', 'joystickremoved'
}
function GS.registerEvents(callbacks)
local registry = {}
callbacks = callbacks or all_callbacks
for _, f in ipairs(callbacks) do
registry[f] = love[f] or __NULL__
love[f] = function(...)
registry[f](...)
return GS[f](...)
end
end
end
-- forward any undefined functions
setmetatable(GS, {__index = function(_, func)
return function(...)
return (stack[#stack][func] or __NULL__)(stack[#stack], ...)
end
end})
return GS

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--[[
Copyright (c) 2012-2013 Matthias Richter
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright holders
shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or
other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
]]--
local Registry = {}
Registry.__index = function(self, key)
return Registry[key] or (function()
local t = {}
rawset(self, key, t)
return t
end)()
end
function Registry:register(s, f)
self[s][f] = f
return f
end
function Registry:emit(s, ...)
for f in pairs(self[s]) do
f(...)
end
end
function Registry:remove(s, ...)
local f = {...}
for i = 1,select('#', ...) do
self[s][f[i]] = nil
end
end
function Registry:clear(...)
local s = {...}
for i = 1,select('#', ...) do
self[s[i]] = {}
end
end
function Registry:emit_pattern(p, ...)
for s in pairs(self) do
if s:match(p) then self:emit(s, ...) end
end
end
function Registry:remove_pattern(p, ...)
for s in pairs(self) do
if s:match(p) then self:remove(s, ...) end
end
end
function Registry:clear_pattern(p)
for s in pairs(self) do
if s:match(p) then self[s] = {} end
end
end
local function new()
return setmetatable({}, Registry)
end
local default = new()
return setmetatable({
new = new,
register = function(...) return default:register(...) end,
emit = function(...) default:emit(...) end,
remove = function(...) default:remove(...) end,
clear = function(...) default:clear(...) end,
emit_pattern = function(...) default:emit_pattern(...) end,
remove_pattern = function(...) default:remove_pattern(...) end,
clear_pattern = function(...) default:clear_pattern(...) end,
}, {__call = new})

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--[[
Copyright (c) 2010-2013 Matthias Richter
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright holders
shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or
other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
]]--
local Timer = {}
Timer.__index = Timer
local function _nothing_() end
local function new()
return setmetatable({functions = {}, tween = Timer.tween}, Timer)
end
function Timer:update(dt)
local to_remove = {}
for handle, delay in pairs(self.functions) do
delay = delay - dt
if delay <= 0 then
to_remove[#to_remove+1] = handle
end
self.functions[handle] = delay
handle.func(dt, delay)
end
for _,handle in ipairs(to_remove) do
self.functions[handle] = nil
handle.after(handle.after)
end
end
function Timer:do_for(delay, func, after)
local handle = {func = func, after = after or _nothing_}
self.functions[handle] = delay
return handle
end
function Timer:add(delay, func)
return self:do_for(delay, _nothing_, func)
end
function Timer:addPeriodic(delay, func, count)
local count, handle = count or math.huge -- exploit below: math.huge - 1 = math.huge
handle = self:add(delay, function(f)
if func(func) == false then return end
count = count - 1
if count > 0 then
self.functions[handle] = delay
end
end)
return handle
end
function Timer:cancel(handle)
self.functions[handle] = nil
end
function Timer:clear()
self.functions = {}
end
Timer.tween = setmetatable({
-- helper functions
out = function(f) -- 'rotates' a function
return function(s, ...) return 1 - f(1-s, ...) end
end,
chain = function(f1, f2) -- concatenates two functions
return function(s, ...) return (s < .5 and f1(2*s, ...) or 1 + f2(2*s-1, ...)) * .5 end
end,
-- useful tweening functions
linear = function(s) return s end,
quad = function(s) return s*s end,
cubic = function(s) return s*s*s end,
quart = function(s) return s*s*s*s end,
quint = function(s) return s*s*s*s*s end,
sine = function(s) return 1-math.cos(s*math.pi/2) end,
expo = function(s) return 2^(10*(s-1)) end,
circ = function(s) return 1 - math.sqrt(1-s*s) end,
back = function(s,bounciness)
bounciness = bounciness or 1.70158
return s*s*((bounciness+1)*s - bounciness)
end,
bounce = function(s) -- magic numbers ahead
local a,b = 7.5625, 1/2.75
return math.min(a*s^2, a*(s-1.5*b)^2 + .75, a*(s-2.25*b)^2 + .9375, a*(s-2.625*b)^2 + .984375)
end,
elastic = function(s, amp, period)
amp, period = amp and math.max(1, amp) or 1, period or .3
return (-amp * math.sin(2*math.pi/period * (s-1) - math.asin(1/amp))) * 2^(10*(s-1))
end,
}, {
-- register new tween
__call = function(tween, self, len, subject, target, method, after, ...)
-- recursively collects fields that are defined in both subject and target into a flat list
local function tween_collect_payload(subject, target, out)
for k,v in pairs(target) do
local ref = subject[k]
assert(type(v) == type(ref), 'Type mismatch in field "'..k..'".')
if type(v) == 'table' then
tween_collect_payload(ref, v, out)
else
local ok, delta = pcall(function() return (v-ref)*1 end)
assert(ok, 'Field "'..k..'" does not support arithmetic operations')
out[#out+1] = {subject, k, delta}
end
end
return out
end
method = tween[method or 'linear'] -- see __index
local payload, t, args = tween_collect_payload(subject, target, {}), 0, {...}
local last_s = 0
return self:do_for(len, function(dt)
t = t + dt
local s = method(math.min(1, t/len), unpack(args))
local ds = s - last_s
last_s = s
for _, info in ipairs(payload) do
local ref, key, delta = unpack(info)
ref[key] = ref[key] + delta * ds
end
end, after)
end,
-- fetches function and generated compositions for method `key`
__index = function(tweens, key)
if type(key) == 'function' then return key end
assert(type(key) == 'string', 'Method must be function or string.')
if rawget(tweens, key) then return rawget(tweens, key) end
local function construct(pattern, f)
local method = rawget(tweens, key:match(pattern))
if method then return f(method) end
return nil
end
local out, chain = rawget(tweens,'out'), rawget(tweens,'chain')
return construct('^in%-([^-]+)$', function(...) return ... end)
or construct('^out%-([^-]+)$', out)
or construct('^in%-out%-([^-]+)$', function(f) return chain(f, out(f)) end)
or construct('^out%-in%-([^-]+)$', function(f) return chain(out(f), f) end)
or error('Unknown interpolation method: ' .. key)
end})
-- default timer
local default = new()
-- the module
return setmetatable({
new = new,
update = function(...) return default:update(...) end,
do_for = function(...) return default:do_for(...) end,
add = function(...) return default:add(...) end,
addPeriodic = function(...) return default:addPeriodic(...) end,
cancel = function(...) return default:cancel(...) end,
clear = function(...) return default:clear(...) end,
tween = setmetatable({}, {
__index = Timer.tween,
__newindex = function(_,k,v) Timer.tween[k] = v end,
__call = function(t,...) return default:tween(...) end,
})
}, {__call = new})

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--[[
Copyright (c) 2012-2013 Matthias Richter
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright holders
shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or
other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
]]--
local sqrt, cos, sin, atan2 = math.sqrt, math.cos, math.sin, math.atan2
local function str(x,y)
return "("..tonumber(x)..","..tonumber(y)..")"
end
local function mul(s, x,y)
return s*x, s*y
end
local function div(s, x,y)
return x/s, y/s
end
local function add(x1,y1, x2,y2)
return x1+x2, y1+y2
end
local function sub(x1,y1, x2,y2)
return x1-x2, y1-y2
end
local function permul(x1,y1, x2,y2)
return x1*x2, y1*y2
end
local function dot(x1,y1, x2,y2)
return x1*x2 + y1*y2
end
local function det(x1,y1, x2,y2)
return x1*y2 - y1*x2
end
local function eq(x1,y1, x2,y2)
return x1 == x2 and y1 == y2
end
local function lt(x1,y1, x2,y2)
return x1 < x2 or (x1 == x2 and y1 < y2)
end
local function le(x1,y1, x2,y2)
return x1 <= x2 and y1 <= y2
end
local function len2(x,y)
return x*x + y*y
end
local function len(x,y)
return sqrt(x*x + y*y)
end
local function dist2(x1,y1, x2,y2)
return len2(x1-x2, y1-y2)
end
local function dist(x1,y1, x2,y2)
return len(x1-x2, y1-y2)
end
local function normalize(x,y)
local l = len(x,y)
if l > 0 then
return x/l, y/l
end
return x,y
end
local function rotate(phi, x,y)
local c, s = cos(phi), sin(phi)
return c*x - s*y, s*x + c*y
end
local function perpendicular(x,y)
return -y, x
end
local function project(x,y, u,v)
local s = (x*u + y*v) / (u*u + v*v)
return s*u, s*v
end
local function mirror(x,y, u,v)
local s = 2 * (x*u + y*v) / (u*u + v*v)
return s*u - x, s*v - y
end
-- ref.: http://blog.signalsondisplay.com/?p=336
local function trim(maxLen, x, y)
local s = maxLen * maxLen / len2(x, y)
s = s > 1 and 1 or math.sqrt(s)
return x * s, y * s
end
local function angleTo(x,y, u,v)
if u and v then
return atan2(y, x) - atan2(v, u)
end
return atan2(y, x)
end
-- the module
return {
str = str,
-- arithmetic
mul = mul,
div = div,
add = add,
sub = sub,
permul = permul,
dot = dot,
det = det,
cross = det,
-- relation
eq = eq,
lt = lt,
le = le,
-- misc operations
len2 = len2,
len = len,
dist2 = dist2,
dist = dist,
normalize = normalize,
rotate = rotate,
perpendicular = perpendicular,
project = project,
mirror = mirror,
trim = trim,
angleTo = angleTo,
}

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--[[
Copyright (c) 2010-2013 Matthias Richter
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
Except as contained in this notice, the name(s) of the above copyright holders
shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or
other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE.
]]--
local assert = assert
local sqrt, cos, sin, atan2 = math.sqrt, math.cos, math.sin, math.atan2
local vector = {}
vector.__index = vector
local function new(x,y)
return setmetatable({x = x or 0, y = y or 0}, vector)
end
local zero = new(0,0)
local function isvector(v)
return type(v) == 'table' and type(v.x) == 'number' and type(v.y) == 'number'
end
function vector:clone()
return new(self.x, self.y)
end
function vector:unpack()
return self.x, self.y
end
function vector:__tostring()
return "("..tonumber(self.x)..","..tonumber(self.y)..")"
end
function vector.__unm(a)
return new(-a.x, -a.y)
end
function vector.__add(a,b)
assert(isvector(a) and isvector(b), "Add: wrong argument types (<vector> expected)")
return new(a.x+b.x, a.y+b.y)
end
function vector.__sub(a,b)
assert(isvector(a) and isvector(b), "Sub: wrong argument types (<vector> expected)")
return new(a.x-b.x, a.y-b.y)
end
function vector.__mul(a,b)
if type(a) == "number" then
return new(a*b.x, a*b.y)
elseif type(b) == "number" then
return new(b*a.x, b*a.y)
else
assert(isvector(a) and isvector(b), "Mul: wrong argument types (<vector> or <number> expected)")
return a.x*b.x + a.y*b.y
end
end
function vector.__div(a,b)
assert(isvector(a) and type(b) == "number", "wrong argument types (expected <vector> / <number>)")
return new(a.x / b, a.y / b)
end
function vector.__eq(a,b)
return a.x == b.x and a.y == b.y
end
function vector.__lt(a,b)
return a.x < b.x or (a.x == b.x and a.y < b.y)
end
function vector.__le(a,b)
return a.x <= b.x and a.y <= b.y
end
function vector.permul(a,b)
assert(isvector(a) and isvector(b), "permul: wrong argument types (<vector> expected)")
return new(a.x*b.x, a.y*b.y)
end
function vector:len2()
return self.x * self.x + self.y * self.y
end
function vector:len()
return sqrt(self.x * self.x + self.y * self.y)
end
function vector.dist(a, b)
assert(isvector(a) and isvector(b), "dist: wrong argument types (<vector> expected)")
local dx = a.x - b.x
local dy = a.y - b.y
return sqrt(dx * dx + dy * dy)
end
function vector.dist2(a, b)
assert(isvector(a) and isvector(b), "dist: wrong argument types (<vector> expected)")
local dx = a.x - b.x
local dy = a.y - b.y
return (dx * dx + dy * dy)
end
function vector:normalize_inplace()
local l = self:len()
if l > 0 then
self.x, self.y = self.x / l, self.y / l
end
return self
end
function vector:normalized()
return self:clone():normalize_inplace()
end
function vector:rotate_inplace(phi)
local c, s = cos(phi), sin(phi)
self.x, self.y = c * self.x - s * self.y, s * self.x + c * self.y
return self
end
function vector:rotated(phi)
local c, s = cos(phi), sin(phi)
return new(c * self.x - s * self.y, s * self.x + c * self.y)
end
function vector:perpendicular()
return new(-self.y, self.x)
end
function vector:projectOn(v)
assert(isvector(v), "invalid argument: cannot project vector on " .. type(v))
-- (self * v) * v / v:len2()
local s = (self.x * v.x + self.y * v.y) / (v.x * v.x + v.y * v.y)
return new(s * v.x, s * v.y)
end
function vector:mirrorOn(v)
assert(isvector(v), "invalid argument: cannot mirror vector on " .. type(v))
-- 2 * self:projectOn(v) - self
local s = 2 * (self.x * v.x + self.y * v.y) / (v.x * v.x + v.y * v.y)
return new(s * v.x - self.x, s * v.y - self.y)
end
function vector:cross(v)
assert(isvector(v), "cross: wrong argument types (<vector> expected)")
return self.x * v.y - self.y * v.x
end
-- ref.: http://blog.signalsondisplay.com/?p=336
function vector:trim_inplace(maxLen)
local s = maxLen * maxLen / self:len2()
s = (s > 1 and 1) or math.sqrt(s)
self.x, self.y = self.x * s, self.y * s
return self
end
function vector:angleTo(other)
if other then
return atan2(self.y, self.x) - atan2(other.y, other.x)
end
return atan2(self.y, self.x)
end
function vector:trimmed(maxLen)
return self:clone():trim_inplace(maxLen)
end
-- the module
return setmetatable({new = new, isvector = isvector, zero = zero},
{__call = function(_, ...) return new(...) end})

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Gamestate = require 'hump.gamestate'
require 'menu_state'
-- Initialize game global variables and switch to menu state
function love.load()
width = love.graphics.getWidth()
height = love.graphics.getHeight()
love.mouse.setVisible(true)
love.physics.setMeter(30)
Gamestate.registerEvents()
Gamestate.switch(menu_state)
end
function love.quit()
end

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Gamestate = require 'hump.gamestate'
Class = require 'hump.class'
menu_state = {}
local font = love.graphics.newFont(18)
function menu_state:enter()
love.graphics.setBackgroundColor(0, 0, 0, 0)
end
function menu_state:draw()
love.graphics.setColor(255,255,255,255)
love.graphics.setFont(font)
love.graphics.printf("WASD to move", 50, height-100, width, "left")
love.graphics.printf("Left mouse button to freeze, right mouse button to speed", width-250, height-100, 200, "right")
end
function menu_state:update(dt)
end
function menu_state:focus(bool)
end
function menu_state:keypressed(key, unicode)
end
function menu_state:keyreleased(key, unicode)
end
function menu_state:mousepressed(x, y, button)
end
function menu_state:mousereleased(x, y, button)
end

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middleclass.lua
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local middleclass = {
_VERSION = 'middleclass v3.0.1',
_DESCRIPTION = 'Object Orientation for Lua',
_URL = 'https://github.com/kikito/middleclass',
_LICENSE = [[
MIT LICENSE
Copyright (c) 2011 Enrique García Cota
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS
OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
]]
}
local function _setClassDictionariesMetatables(aClass)
local dict = aClass.__instanceDict
dict.__index = dict
local super = aClass.super
if super then
local superStatic = super.static
setmetatable(dict, super.__instanceDict)
setmetatable(aClass.static, { __index = function(_,k) return dict[k] or superStatic[k] end })
else
setmetatable(aClass.static, { __index = function(_,k) return dict[k] end })
end
end
local function _setClassMetatable(aClass)
setmetatable(aClass, {
__tostring = function() return "class " .. aClass.name end,
__index = aClass.static,
__newindex = aClass.__instanceDict,
__call = function(self, ...) return self:new(...) end
})
end
local function _createClass(name, super)
local aClass = { name = name, super = super, static = {}, __mixins = {}, __instanceDict={} }
aClass.subclasses = setmetatable({}, {__mode = "k"})
_setClassDictionariesMetatables(aClass)
_setClassMetatable(aClass)
return aClass
end
local function _createLookupMetamethod(aClass, name)
return function(...)
local method = aClass.super[name]
assert( type(method)=='function', tostring(aClass) .. " doesn't implement metamethod '" .. name .. "'" )
return method(...)
end
end
local function _setClassMetamethods(aClass)
for _,m in ipairs(aClass.__metamethods) do
aClass[m]= _createLookupMetamethod(aClass, m)
end
end
local function _setDefaultInitializeMethod(aClass, super)
aClass.initialize = function(instance, ...)
return super.initialize(instance, ...)
end
end
local function _includeMixin(aClass, mixin)
assert(type(mixin)=='table', "mixin must be a table")
for name,method in pairs(mixin) do
if name ~= "included" and name ~= "static" then aClass[name] = method end
end
if mixin.static then
for name,method in pairs(mixin.static) do
aClass.static[name] = method
end
end
if type(mixin.included)=="function" then mixin:included(aClass) end
aClass.__mixins[mixin] = true
end
local Object = _createClass("Object", nil)
Object.static.__metamethods = { '__add', '__call', '__concat', '__div', '__ipairs', '__le',
'__len', '__lt', '__mod', '__mul', '__pairs', '__pow', '__sub',
'__tostring', '__unm'}
function Object.static:allocate()
assert(type(self) == 'table', "Make sure that you are using 'Class:allocate' instead of 'Class.allocate'")
return setmetatable({ class = self }, self.__instanceDict)
end
function Object.static:new(...)
local instance = self:allocate()
instance:initialize(...)
return instance
end
function Object.static:subclass(name)
assert(type(self) == 'table', "Make sure that you are using 'Class:subclass' instead of 'Class.subclass'")
assert(type(name) == "string", "You must provide a name(string) for your class")
local subclass = _createClass(name, self)
_setClassMetamethods(subclass)
_setDefaultInitializeMethod(subclass, self)
self.subclasses[subclass] = true
self:subclassed(subclass)
return subclass
end
function Object.static:subclassed(other) end
function Object.static:isSubclassOf(other)
return type(other) == 'table' and
type(self) == 'table' and
type(self.super) == 'table' and
( self.super == other or
type(self.super.isSubclassOf) == 'function' and
self.super:isSubclassOf(other)
)
end
function Object.static:include( ... )
assert(type(self) == 'table', "Make sure you that you are using 'Class:include' instead of 'Class.include'")
for _,mixin in ipairs({...}) do _includeMixin(self, mixin) end
return self
end
function Object.static:includes(mixin)
return type(mixin) == 'table' and
type(self) == 'table' and
type(self.__mixins) == 'table' and
( self.__mixins[mixin] or
type(self.super) == 'table' and
type(self.super.includes) == 'function' and
self.super:includes(mixin)
)
end
function Object:initialize() end
function Object:__tostring() return "instance of " .. tostring(self.class) end
function Object:isInstanceOf(aClass)
return type(self) == 'table' and
type(self.class) == 'table' and
type(aClass) == 'table' and
( aClass == self.class or
type(aClass.isSubclassOf) == 'function' and
self.class:isSubclassOf(aClass)
)
end
function middleclass.class(name, super, ...)
super = super or Object
return super:subclass(name, ...)
end
middleclass.Object = Object
setmetatable(middleclass, { __call = function(_, ...) return middleclass.class(...) end })
return middleclass